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KMID : 0361020240670040214
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Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
2024 Volume.67 No. 4 p.214 ~ p.221
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Changes in Sensitization Rate to Inhalation Allergy in Busan Area Over Past 40 Years
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Kim Joo-Yeon
Choi Gil-Soon
Hwang Hyun-Jeong
Kwon Jae-Hwan
Cho Joong-Hwan
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Abstract
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Background and Objectives This study analyzed skin prick tests conducted on respiratoryallergy patients in the Busan area for a 40-year period and estimated future changes in inhaledallergens.
Subjects and Method This study conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who under-went skin prick tests for respiratory allergies at two hospitals. We analyzed 5942 test resultsout of the total tests of 6174 recorded from 1982 to 2021.
Results For over 40 years, the main inhalant allergens in the Busan area, including housedust mites (HDM), pollen, have been found to be similar to those in other regions. The sensiti-zation rate of HDM was very high, around 50%-60%, in the early 1990s and the early 2010s,and it showed a gradual increase over time. The sensitization rate of pollen were high at 10-year cycles. The sensitization rate of tree pollens showed a decreasing trend after reaching itspeak in the late 1980s, but has been steadily increasing since the 2010s, with a sharp rise (over25%) observed in 2019-2020. The sensitivity to weed and grass pollens was relatively high inthe late 1990s and late 2000s, and exhibited a declining trend since. Among the animal aller-gens, the sensitization rate of cat allergen was the highest (45%).
Conclusion We identified high rates of sensitization to house dust mites and tree pollens,and age-related changes over time. With the increasing prevalence of pet ownership, furtherresearch is necessary to monitor sensitization changes. Additionally, due to climate change,continuous monitoring of allergen sensitization rates to pollens and molds is called for.
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KEYWORD
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Allergy, Busan, Sensitization, Skin prick test
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